PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA

Abstract in English:

Ureaplasma diversum has been reported to infect the respiratory and genital systems in cattle, leading to numerous reproductive alterations, including abortions. However, detailed and comprehensive studies of fetal pathology in naturally infected cases are lacking in the scientific literature to this date. Therefore, this study describes the pathological lesions in three fetuses spontaneously aborted by three heifers naturally infected with U. diversum localized in three municipalities from Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The fetal necropsy revealed diffusely reddened and unexpanded lungs. Histologically, diffuse moderate subacute to chronic neutrophilic and histiocytic bronchointerstitial pneumonia with bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue hyperplasia. U. diversum was identified in fetal tissues by molecular approaches and sequencing. To our knowledge, this is the first description of bovine abortion caused by U. diversum infection in the Midwest of Brazil.

• Fetal loss pneumonia PCR Mollicutes Brazil

Abstract in Portuguese:

Ureaplasma diversum infecta os sistemas respiratório e genital de bovinos, levando a várias alterações reprodutivas, inclusive abortos. No entanto, até o momento, não há na literatura científica, estudos detalhados e abrangentes no Brasil sobre as lesões fetais em casos naturalmente infectados. Portanto, este artigo descreve as lesões em três fetos espontaneamente abortados por três novilhas naturalmente infectadas por U. diversum localizadas em três municípios do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. A necropsia fetal revelou pulmões difusamente avermelhados e não expandidos. Histologicamente, havia pneumonia neutrofílica e histiocítica broncointersticial subaguda a crônica difusa e moderada com hiperplasia do tecido linfoide associado aos brônquios. U. diversum foi identificado em tecidos fetais após a realização de técnicas moleculares e sequenciamento. Esta parece ser a primeira descrição de aborto bovino causado por infecção por U. diversum na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil.

• Perda fetal pneumonia PCR Mollicutes Brasil

Abstract in English:

Five green anacondas (Eunectes murinus) from the same enclosure died sequentially in the zoological garden of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Midwest Brazil. The primary lesions in all snakes were severe necrotizing enterocolitis and hepatitis, associated with intralesional positive-PAS trophozoites morphologically compatible with Entamoeba. The protozoa were randomly distributed in the intestine and liver of the five anacondas and in the stomachs, kidneys, and lungs of three anacondas. The snake enclosure had contact with the room next door, which housed alligators and turtles. Based on clinical history, gross and histopathological findings, and immunofluorescence test, which positively marked the respective trophozoites, it was concluded that Entamoeba invadens infected the anacondas.

• Enterocolitis amoebiasis Entamoeba snakes

Abstract in Portuguese:

Cinco sucuris verdes (Eunectes murinus) do mesmo recinto morreram sequencialmente no jardim zoológico da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, em Cuiabá, Centro-Oeste do Brasil. As lesões primárias em todas as serpentes foram enterocolite e hepatite necrótica severa, associada a trofozoítos intralesionais PAS positivos, morfologicamente compatíveis com Entamoeba. Os protozoários estavam distribuídos aleatoriamente no intestino e fígado das cinco sucuris e nos estômagos, rins e pulmões de três sucuris. O recinto das serpentes tinha contato com o recinto vizinho que abrigava jacarés e tartarugas. Com base nos achados clínicos, macroscópicos, histopatológicos, e no teste de imunofluorescência, que marcou trofozoítos, concluiu-se que as sucuris estavam infectadas por Entamoeba invadens.

• Enterocolite amebíase Entamoeba serpentes

Abstract in English:

Brucellosis in sheep is a chronic infectious disease with a worldwide distribution, primarily caused by the bacterium Brucella ovis. The disease is characterized by the development of epididymitis and sperm granulomas, which result in reproductive disorders and are responsible for significant health problems and economic losses in sheep farming. This cross-sectional sampling study, the first of its kind in Western Amazonia, aimed to characterize the seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep from rural properties in the municipality of Rio Branco, Acre, and to analyze the risk factors associated with the infection. Forty-eight sheep farms in the municipality were selected, and 511 blood samples were collected from animals of both sexes, starting at six months of age. Serological samples were tested using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) to detect anti-Brucella ovis antibodies (IgG) with the crude B. ovis extract antigen and, in a complementary manner, with the purified recombinant periplasmic protein BP26r. Epidemiological questionnaires were applied during the visit to the farms. Of the farms with sampled sheep, 33.4% (16/48) had at least one seropositive animal, and 5.5% (28/511) of the sheep tested were considered seropositive. Among the risk factors analyzed by multiple logistic regression, the “segregation of sick animals” (odds ratio = 3.67; p = 0.043) showed epidemiological and statistical relevance for the control of B. ovis infection. The results obtained in this study indicate that B. ovis infection occurs in sheep from Acre, in the Western Amazon, requiring the implementation of control and prophylaxis measures, especially health education, to prevent or minimize the spread of the disease in herds in Acre.

• Brucella ovis ELISAi risk factors sheep farming seroprevalence

Abstract in Portuguese:

A brucelose nos ovinos é uma doença infectocontagiosa, de evolução crônica, com distribuição cosmopolita, causada primordialmente pela bactéria Brucella ovis. A enfermidade é caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de epididimite e granulomas espermáticos que resultam em distúrbios reprodutivos, sendo responsável por relevantes problemas sanitários e vultosos prejuízos econômicos para a ovinocultura. Este estudo transversal por amostragem, inédito na Amazônia Ocidental, teve como objetivo caracterizar a soroprevalência da brucelose em ovinos de propriedades rurais no município de Rio Branco, estado do Acre, e análise dos fatores de risco associados à infecção. Foram selecionadas 48 propriedades com criação de ovinos do município e colhidas 511 amostras de sangue de animais de ambos os sexos, a partir de seis meses de idade. As amostras sorológicas foram testadas pelo ensaio imunoenzimático indireto (ELISAi) para detecção de anticorpos (IgG) anti-Brucella ovis com o antígeno extrato bruto de B. ovis e, de modo complementar, com a proteína periplasmática recombinante purificada BP26r. Durante a visita às propriedades foram aplicados questionários epidemiológicos. Das propriedades rurais com ovinos amostrados, 33,4% (16/48) apresentaram pelo menos um animal sororreagente e 5,5% (28/511) dos ovinos testados foram considerados soropositivos. Dentre os fatores de riscos analisados por regressão logística múltipla, a “segregação de animais doentes” (odds ratio = 3,67; p = 0,043) apresentou relevância epidemiológica e estatística para o controle da infecção por B. ovis. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo indicam que ocorre a infecção por B. ovis nos ovinos do Acre, Amazônia Ocidental, requerendo a implantação de medidas de controle e profilaxia, notadamente de educação em saúde, que impeçam ou minimizem a difusão da doença nos rebanhos acreanos.

• Brucella ovis ELISAi fatores de risco ovinocultura soroprevalência

Abstract in English:

Enterococcal spondylitis affects poultry and causes progressive lameness. This study reports what seems to be the first case of vertebral osteomyelitis caused by Enterococcus in broiler chickens in southern Brazil. We also conducted an experimental infection to evaluate microorganismal characteristics and pathogenicity in broiler chickens. We performed bacterial isolation, identification, and histopathology. The isolates were tested for their growth and survival capacity at different temperatures, pH values, and antimicrobial resistance profiles. The experiment infection was conducted with broiler breeders (n=9). Group 1 = negative control, Group 2 = challenged orally, Group 3 = challenged via air sac. The autopsy was performed on the 50th day of life (DOL). The report showed spondylitis and fusion of thoracic vertebra, accompanied by spinal cord compression, and femoral head necrosis. We used the isolates (n=17) to test their growth at 10°C and 45°C, survival capacity for up to 60° for 30 min, and growth under pH levels from four to 12. Higher resistance was observed against macrolides and quinolones. On experimental infections, all animals expressed signs of lameness and “sitting on the hocks”. Enterococcus faecalis is the causal agent of enterococcal spondylitis in broilers in southern Brazil, which is an underreported and emerging pathological condition that requires attention.

• Enterococcus faecalis vertebral osteomyelitis enterococcal spondylitis locomotor disorders “sitting on the hocks” antimicrobial resistance

Abstract in Portuguese:

A espondilite enterocócica afeta aves e causa claudicação progressiva. Este estudo relata o primeiro caso de osteomielite vertebral causada por Enterococcus em frangos de corte no sul do Brasil. Também conduzimos uma infecção experimental para avaliar as características microbianas e a patogenicidade em frangos de corte. Realizamos isolamento bacteriano, identificação e histopatologia. Os isolados foram testados quanto ao seu crescimento e capacidade de sobrevivência em diferentes temperaturas, valores de pH e perfil de resistência antimicrobiana. O experimento de infecção foi conduzido com matrizes de corte (n=9). Grupo 1 = controle negativo, Grupo 2 = provocado oralmente, Grupo 3 = provocado via saco aéreo. A autópsia foi realizada no 50º dia de vida (DOL). O laudo mostrou espondilite e fusão de vértebra torácica, acompanhada de compressão da medula espinhal e necrose da cabeça do fêmur. Usamos os isolados (n=17) para testar seu crescimento a 10°C e 45°C, capacidade de sobrevivência até 60° por 30 min e crescimento em níveis de pH de quatro a 12. A maior resistência foi observada contra macrolídeos e quinolonas. Na infecção experimental, todos os animais manifestaram sinais de claudicação e postura sentada sobre os jarretes. Enterococcus faecalis é o agente causal da espondilite enterocócica em frangos de corte no sul do Brasil, que é uma condição patológica emergente e subnotificada que requer atenção.

• Enterococcus faecalis osteomielite vertebral espondilite enterocócica desordens locomotoras “sentar sobre os jarretes” resistência antimicrobiana

Abstract in English:

Wischnewsky spots (WS) are hemorrhagic, non-erosive, and non-ulcerative lesions that affect the gastric mucosa. They are considered common in the stomachs of humans who have died from hypothermia and are rarely described in other animal species. This study describes the occurrence of WS in cattle that had died of hypothermia in two cities in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. Two properties were visited, and three cattle were necropsied by the team from the Pathological Anatomy Laboratory of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul (LAP-UFMS). The epidemiological conditions and clinical signs of the cattle examined on both properties were similar. The deaths occurred on days when there was a sudden drop in environmental temperature, with continuous rain for more than 24 hours. During the visits, the most affected live cattle were found in sternal decubitus, with their heads resting on their flanks, or laterally in a comatose state, with nystagmus and a rectal temperature below 32°C. Macroscopically, there were multifocal to coalescent red and black areas on the mucosal surface of the abomasums of the three cattle necropsied, mainly at the apex of the folds, oval or punctate in shape, measuring 0.1 to 1.0cm in diameter. Microscopically, these dark areas corresponded to areas of rarefaction of the mucosal epithelial cells associated with hemorrhage and the frequent deposition of golden-brown pigment (hematin) in the extracellular medium. The diagnosis of hypothermia in cattle was based on epidemiology, clinical-pathological examination, and the exclusion of differential diagnoses. The lesions found in the abomasum of cattle that had died from hypothermia were compatible with WS, highlighting the importance of recognizing them in cases of cattle deaths in which this condition is suspected.

• Wischnewsky spots abomasum cold bovine diseases hypothermia cattle

Abstract in Portuguese:

As manchas de Wischnewsky (WS) são lesões hemorrágicas, não erosivas e não ulcerativas que acometem a mucosa gástrica. Eles são considerados comuns no estômago de humanos que morreram de hipotermia e raramente são descritos em outras espécies animais. Este estudo descreve a ocorrência de WS em bovinos que morreram por hipotermia em duas cidades do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Duas propriedades foram visitadas e três bovinos foram necropsiados pela equipe do Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (LAP-UFMS). As condições epidemiológicas e os sinais clínicos dos bovinos examinados nas duas propriedades foram semelhantes. As mortes ocorreram em dias em que houve queda brusca da temperatura ambiente, com chuva contínua por mais de 24 horas. Os bovinos vivos mais acometidos no momento das visitas foram encontrados em decúbito esternal, com a cabeça apoiada nos flancos, ou lateralmente em estado de coma, com nistagmo e temperatura retal abaixo de 32°C. Macroscopicamente, havia áreas vermelhas e pretas multifocais a coalescentes na superfície mucosa dos abomasos dos três bovinos necropsiados, principalmente no ápice das pregas, de formato oval ou pontiforme, medindo de 0,1 a 1,0cm de diâmetro. Microscopicamente, essas áreas escuras correspondiam a áreas de rarefação das células epiteliais da mucosa associadas à hemorragia e à frequente deposição de pigmento marrom-dourado (hematina) no meio extracelular. O diagnóstico de hipotermia em bovinos foi baseado na epidemiologia, no exame clínico-patológico e na exclusão de diagnósticos diferenciais. As lesões encontradas no abomaso de bovinos que morreram por hipotermia foram compatíveis com WS, destacando a importância de reconhecê-las em casos de mortes de bovinos em que haja suspeita desta condição.

• Manchas de Wischnewsky abomaso frio doenças de bovinos hipotermia bovinos

Abstract in English:

Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a multifaceted disease triggered by the protozoan Leishmania infantum, characterized by diverse clinical presentations, including osteoarticular complications. Immune-mediated joint diseases invariably initiate at the synovial membrane, implicating its pivotal role in arthritis pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the influence of natural L. infantum infection on synovial fluid characteristics and the expression of immune markers, including TLR-2, FOXP3, and COX-2, in the synovial membrane. Twenty naturally infected dogs (NID) with L. infantum were sourced from the Zoonosis Surveillance Unit (ZSU). Clinical-orthopedic assessments were conducted, encompassing lameness, joint edema, crepitus, patellar luxation, and the drawer test. Synovial fluid (SF) parameters, including volume, appearance, viscosity, total nucleated cell count (TNC), neutrophil count, and total protein (TP) content, were determined. After anesthesia and euthanasia, synovial membrane specimens were obtained. SF protein concentrations categorized dogs into three groups: GI (2 to 2.5g/dL), GII (2.5 to 6.0g/dL), and GIII (>6g/dL). Inflammatory infiltrates and synovial membrane changes were assessed, and immunohistochemistry evaluated TLR-2, FOXP3, and COX-2 marker expressions. Clinical evaluations revealed various osteoarticular abnormalities in NID dogs, including lameness (55%), joint edema (25%), crepitus (30%), patellar luxation (20%), and positive drawer test (25%). Post mortem examinations revealed bilateral subchondral bone, meniscus, and trochlea erosion in 30% of cases. Amastigotes of L. infantum were identified extracellularly and within macrophages (60%). An inflammatory infiltrate was predominant in 70% of dogs, with varying intensity among the groups. Mononuclear cells, chiefly macrophages and lymphocytes, and neutrophils comprised the infiltrate. TLR-2 and COX-2 expression levels were elevated in GIII compared to GII and GI. Conversely, FOXP3 showed moderate expression in GI and minimal expression in GII and GIII. This study underscores the contributory role of L. infantum infection in the development of joint lesions in CanL. Additionally, alterations in the expression of immune markers TLR2, FOXP3, and COX2 within the synovial membrane imply the perpetuation and exacerbation of the inflammatory processes, shedding light on the intricate pathogenesis of CanL-induced arthritis.

• Canine leishmaniasis synovial fluid synovial membrane TLR2 FOXP3 dogs

Abstract in Portuguese:

A leishmaniose canina (LC) é uma doença causada pelo protozoário Leishmania infantum com diversas manifestações clínicas, incluindo alterações osteoarticulares. A membrana sinovial é o local inicial de eventos patogênicos em todos os tipos de doenças articulares mediadas pelo sistema imunológico. Devido a essa relação, o objetivo foi avaliar a influência da infecção natural por L. infantum nas características do líquido sinovial e na expressão de TLR-2, FOXP3 e COX-2 na membrana sinovial. Cães naturalmente infectados por L. infantum (NID, N=20) foram obtidos na Unidade de Vigilância de Zoonoses (UVZ). Critérios clínicos ortopédicos foram avaliados, assim como foram obtidas amostras de líquido sinovial por artrocentese. O volume, aspecto, viscosidade, contagem total de células nucleadas (TNC) e contagem de neutrófilos e proteína total (PT) no líquido sinovial (LS) foram determinados. Os cães foram anestesiados e posteriormente eutanasiados para obtenção da membrana sinovial. Os animais do estudo apresentaram claudicação (55%), edema (25%), crepitação na articulação do joelho (30%) e luxação patelar medial (20%) e foram positivos no teste da gaveta (25%). Trinta por cento (30%) dos cães apresentaram erosão bilateral do osso subcondral, menisco e tróclea. Amastigotas de L. infantum foram visualizadas extracelularmente e dentro de macrófagos (60% dos animais). Os cães foram ainda divididos em três grupos de acordo com a concentração de proteína no líquido sinovial: GI: 2 a 2,5g/dL (valor de referência normal), GII: 2,5 a 6,0g/dL, GIII: >6g/dL. Infiltrado celular inflamatório, bem como aumento da camada da membrana sinovial, foram identificados em 70% (14/20) dos cães. O infiltrado inflamatório estava ausente em membranas sinoviais originadas de GI, presente em GII com intensidade moderada e presente em GIII com intensidade alta. O infiltrado inflamatório era predominantemente composto por macrófagos, linfócitos e neutrófilos. Houve um aumento na expressão dos marcadores TLR2 e COX2 em GIII em comparação com os grupos GII e GI. Contudo, em relação à expressão de FOXP3, houve uma marcação moderada em GI e apenas uma marcação leve em GII e GIII. Este trabalho reforça o papel da infecção por L. infantum no desenvolvimento de lesões articulares em cães. Além disso, nosso estudo indica que a LC modifica a expressão de TLR2, FOXP3 e COX2 na membrana sinovial, o que implica a manutenção e progressão do processo inflamatório.

• Leishmaniose canina líquido sinovial membrana sinovial TLR2 FOXP3 caninos

Abstract in English:

Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease caused by parasites of the Leishmania genus, resulting in various clinical forms, including a highly lethal visceral form. This study aimed to identify Leishmania spp. in sandflies and dogs in a small Brazilian town. DPP® Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis (CVL) was used for screening, and ELISA and conventional PCR were used for confirmatory testing, while sandflies were captured using CDC light traps and conventional PCR targeting ITS1. The Hill series was used to identify the diversity profile of species in the sampled area using R software. The study identified a Leishmania spp. prevalence of 4.02% in dogs, exceeding the 2% limit required by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. A total of 443 sandflies belonging to 14 different species were identified, with Lutzomyia longipalpis being the most abundant (73.81%). Negligence regarding leishmaniasis in small towns can lead to late diagnosis, hence the need to implement effective strategies, including early diagnosis and treatment of human and canine cases, vector control programs, and awareness campaigns to educate the public about risks and preventive measures. These measures can help prevent the spread of leishmaniasis and improve health outcomes for affected individuals and animals.

• Leishmaniasis epidemiology parasite sandflies dogs

Abstract in Portuguese:

A leishmaniose é uma doença zoonótica causada por parasitas do gênero Leishmania, resultando em várias formas clínicas, incluindo uma forma visceral altamente letal. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar Leishmania spp. DNA em flebotomíneos e cães em uma pequena cidade brasileira. A investigação usou DPP® Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis (CVL) para triagem, e ELISA e PCR convencional para teste confirmatório, enquanto flebotomíneos foram capturados usando armadilhas de luz CDC e PCR convencional visando ITS1. A série Hill foi utilizada para identificar o perfil de diversidade das espécies na área amostrada, utilizando o software R. O estudo identificou uma prevalência de Leishmania spp. em 4,02% dos cães, ultrapassando o limite de 2% exigido pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Foi identificado um total de 443 flebotomíneos, pertencentes a 14 espécies diferentes, com Lutzomyia longipalpis sendo o mais abundante (73,81%). A negligência com a leishmaniose em cidades pequenas pode levar ao diagnóstico tardio, daí a necessidade de implementar estratégias eficazes, incluindo diagnóstico precoce e tratamento de casos humanos e caninos, programas de controle de vetores e campanhas de conscientização para educar o público sobre riscos e medidas preventivas. Essas medidas podem ajudar a prevenir a propagação da leishmaniose e melhorar os resultados de saúde para indivíduos e animais afetados.

• Leishmaniose epidemiologia parasito flebotomíneos cães

Abstract in English:

There are reports of septicemic salmonellosis in exotic birds caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium, although they are scarce and do not address the anatomopathological and immunohistochemical aspects of this condition in blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva). This study aims to report an outbreak of salmonellosis by S. Typhimurium in 15 blue-fronted parrots introduced to a rehabilitation center in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, accompanied by flat white areas in the capsule and parenchyma, were the most frequent gross changes, histologically represented by necrotic and heterophilic hepatitis and splenitis and associated with bacteria in the cytoplasm of macrophages and free in the affected tissue. S. Typhimurium was identified from bacterial culture, PCR, and DNA sequencing. Along with immunohistochemistry samples of liver, spleen, kidney, small intestine, pancreas, thyroid, heart, and lung, immunostaining was used for Salmonella spp. without previous bacterial isolation. The lethality of this outbreak demonstrates the relevance of salmonellosis in blue-fronted parrots, which are known to be carriers of this bacteria.

• One health carriers hepatic necrosis splenitis immunohistochemistry

Abstract in Portuguese:

Apesar de existirem relatos sobre salmonelose septicêmica em aves silvestres por Salmonella enterica sorovar Typhimurium, eles são escassos e não abordam os aspectos anatomopatológicos e imuno-histoquímicos da condição em papagaios-verdadeiros (Amazona aestiva). Este trabalho visou relatar um surto de salmonelose por S. Typhimurium em 15 papagaios-verdadeiros introduzidos em um centro de reabilitação localizado no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Hepatomegalia e esplenomegalia acompanhadas por áreas planas brancacentas na cápsula e no parênquima foram as alterações macroscópicas mais frequentes, representadas histologicamente por hepatite e esplenite necróticas e heterofílicas associadas a bactérias no citoplasma de macrófagos e livres no tecido afetado. S. Typhimurium foi identificada a partir de cultura bacteriana, PCR e sequenciamento de DNA. Na imuno-histoquímica, as amostras de fígado, baço, rim, intestino delgado, pâncreas, tireoide, coração e pulmão evidenciaram imunomarcação para Salmonella spp., mesmo quando não houve isolamento bacteriano prévio. A alta letalidade deste surto demonstra relevância da salmonelose em papagaios-verdadeiros, que são majoritariamente atribuídos como hospedeiros carreadores desta bactéria.

• Saúde única carreadores necrose hepática esplenite imuno-histoquímica

Abstract in English:

Palicourea marcgravii is a lethal toxic plant widely distributed in Brazil. Ingestion of this plant causes cardiotoxic effects in animals, leading to acute heart failure without evident macroscopic changes in the heart due to the rapid progression of the disease. Currently, the diagnosis is confirmed based on microscopic identification of characteristic renal lesions. Although troponin is used as a biomarker for myocardial lesions in human and veterinary medicine, its serum levels in sheep poisoned with P. marcgravii remain unknown. The objective of this study was to determine serum levels of troponin I and evaluate its expression in incipient heart lesions in sheep. Eight male sheep were experimentally intoxicated with 1g kg-1 of fresh P. marcgravii plants. The animals were physically examined every two hours, and blood samples were collected before the administration of the plant material and during the agonizing period immediately before death. Additionally, necropsy and immunohistochemistry were performed on cardiac tissue samples. All animals presented minimal serum levels of troponin I before plant administration, with a significant increase in these levels immediately before death, indicating leakage due to the cardiac injury. These results confirm the hypothesis that troponin is released into the bloodstream before morphological changes in the myocardium can be observed through conventional microscopy and immunohistochemical testing. These findings contribute to understanding the pathological mechanisms of this toxicity and may assist in the early diagnosis and treatment of affected animals.

• Clinical pathology immunohistochemical ruminants sheep troponin I toxic plants Palicourea marcgravii

Abstract in Portuguese:

Palicourea marcgravii é uma planta tóxica letal e amplamente disseminada no Brasil. Sua ingestão causa efeitos cardiotóxicos em animais, levando à insuficiência cardíaca aguda sem alterações macroscópicas evidentes no coração devido à rápida progressão da doença. A confirmação do diagnóstico atual se baseia na identificação microscópica das lesões renais características. Embora a troponina seja usada como biomarcador de lesões miocárdicas na medicina humana e veterinária, seus níveis séricos em ovinos intoxicados por P. marcgravii ainda são desconhecidos. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar os níveis séricos de troponina I e avaliar sua expressão em lesões incipientes no coração de ovinos. Oito ovinos machos foram experimentalmente intoxicados com 1g/kg da planta fresca. Os animais foram avaliados fisicamente a cada duas horas, e tiveram seu sangue coletado antes da administração da planta e durante a fase agônica, antes do óbito. Além disso, foram realizadas necropsia e imunohistoquímica em fragmentos cardíacos. Todos os animais apresentaram níveis mínimos de troponina antes da administração da planta, e mostraram aumento expressivo imediatamente antes do óbito, indicando extravasamento devido à lesão cardíaca. Esses resultados confirmam a hipótese de que a troponina é liberada na corrente sanguínea antes das alterações morfológicas no miocárdio serem observadas pela microscopia convencional e imunohistoquímica. Esses achados contribuem para a compreensão dos mecanismos patológicos dessa intoxicação e podem auxiliar no diagnóstico precoce e tratamento em animais afetados.

• Patologia clínica imunohistoquímica ruminantes ovinos troponina I plantas tóxicas Palicourea marcgravii

Abstract in English:

Feline injection-site sarcomas in felines account for more than 40% of cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplasms in felines. The present study aimed to describe the macroscopic and histomorphological findings of feline application/injection sarcomas. Samples from 31 feline tumors with a history of feline application/inflammation sarcoma were re-evaluated regarding histological subtype, mitotic index and score, depth of tissue invasion, and presence of inflammation considering the location, intensity and predominant cell types. Of the 31 samples from felines diagnosed with sarcoma at the application/inflammation site, 87.15% were cats with no defined breed (NDB), with a mean age of 8.5 years. The predominant anatomical sites were the back and flank/abdomen, both with 29% (9/31), and the prevalent histological subtype was fibrosarcoma at 77.4% (24/31), followed by anaplastic giant cell sarcoma at 12.9% (4/31) and myxosarcoma 9.6% (3/31). The histological grade with the highest number of cases was III (51.6%), followed by Grade II (35.4%) and I (12.9%). The mean of the longest axis measurements varied between the different tumor grades without being significant, with the average being 2.5±2.79cm in Grade I tumors and 3.2±2.28cm in Grade II tumors. and 4.68±2.07cm in Grade III tumors. Necrosis was observed in 74.2% of tumors. The tissue inflammation score was mild to moderate in 58% of cases and severe in 32.2%, with lymphocytic and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates being prevalent, with 25.8% each, followed by lymphoplasmohistiocytic with 22.6%. The infiltration depth was 38.7% in muscle tissue, followed by 32.2% in the subcutaneous tissue. Pleomorphism was accentuated in 51.6%. Desmoplasia was moderate in 45.1%. Satellite nodules were present in 29% of cases, and 19.4% had macrophages with intracytoplasmic content suggestive of adjuvants. Surgical margins were infiltrated (M1) in 48.4% and narrowed in 25.8% (M2). The anatomical locations observed were different from those recommended by the Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force (VAFST); in most cases, the adjuvanted macrophage was not present. From this data, we can suggest that sarcomas in felines are not only correlated to the vaccine application, corroborating the hypothesis that any material, whether liquid or solid, and any chronic inflammatory process in the subcutaneous tissue of cats can induce the entity if they are predisposed to do so. The detailed histomorphological data evaluated in this study were key points and provided important information about tumor behavior, being a tool for clinical-oncological decision-making.

• Histomorphological inflammation feline sarcoma histopathology fibrosarcoma cats

Abstract in Portuguese:

Feline injection-site sarcomas in felines account for more than 40% of cutaneous and subcutaneous neoplasms in felines. The present study aimed to describe the macroscopic and histomorphological findings of feline application/injection sarcomas. Samples from 31 feline tumors with a history of feline application/inflammation sarcoma were re-evaluated regarding histological subtype, mitotic index and score, depth of tissue invasion, and presence of inflammation considering the location, intensity and predominant cell types. Of the 31 samples from felines diagnosed with sarcoma at the application/inflammation site, 87.15% were cats with no defined breed (NDB), with a mean age of 8.5 years. The predominant anatomical sites were the back and flank/abdomen, both with 29% (9/31), and the prevalent histological subtype was fibrosarcoma at 77.4% (24/31), followed by anaplastic giant cell sarcoma at 12.9% (4/31) and myxosarcoma 9.6% (3/31). The histological grade with the highest number of cases was III (51.6%), followed by Grade II (35.4%) and I (12.9%). The mean of the longest axis measurements varied between the different tumor grades without being significant, with the average being 2.5±2.79cm in Grade I tumors and 3.2±2.28cm in Grade II tumors. and 4.68±2.07cm in Grade III tumors. Necrosis was observed in 74.2% of tumors. The tissue inflammation score was mild to moderate in 58% of cases and severe in 32.2%, with lymphocytic and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates being prevalent, with 25.8% each, followed by lymphoplasmohistiocytic with 22.6%. The infiltration depth was 38.7% in muscle tissue, followed by 32.2% in the subcutaneous tissue. Pleomorphism was accentuated in 51.6%. Desmoplasia was moderate in 45.1%. Satellite nodules were present in 29% of cases, and 19.4% had macrophages with intracytoplasmic content suggestive of adjuvants. Surgical margins were infiltrated (M1) in 48.4% and narrowed in 25.8% (M2). The anatomical locations observed were different from those recommended by the Vaccine-Associated Feline Sarcoma Task Force (VAFST); in most cases, the adjuvanted macrophage was not present. From this data, we can suggest that sarcomas in felines are not only correlated to the vaccine application, corroborating the hypothesis that any material, whether liquid or solid, and any chronic inflammatory process in the subcutaneous tissue of cats can induce the entity if they are predisposed to do so. The detailed histomorphological data evaluated in this study were key points and provided important information about tumor behavior, being a tool for clinical-oncological decision-making.

• Histomorphological inflammation feline sarcoma histopathology fibrosarcoma cats